History of memory

History of memory:-
In 1949 to 1952 developed Magnetic core memory of Computer.
But 1st memory is vacuum tubes of Computer, it can store data. In 1960 became magnetic memory. Magnetic memory is smaller from vacuum tubes. In 1970 develop Semiconductor chips are the type of memory we use today. DRAM(Dynamic random access memory) is the most common kind of random access memory .RAM(random access memory) for personal computers. The data the DRAM chip holds has to be periodically refreshed. SRAM (Static random access memory) doesn't need to be refreshed
In 1834 used punch card (memory of Computer) punch card is very low speed for processing. This time Charles Babbage will create an "Analytical Engine" .the flip-flop is the most common type of memory element of computer. That is Fast computer circuitry.
Of the world.

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How to work a Mouse

In a computer, mouse is an input device. In 1964 the first prototype computer mouse was made to use with a GUI (graphical user interface) for MS DOS. It has two buttons normally. It also has wheels and it also can another element. We know that, the first publication of the term "mouse" as a pointing device is in Bill English's 1965 publication "Computer-Aided Display Control". Mice(Computer) Patent # 3,541,541 issued 11/17/70 for X-Y Position Indicator For A Display System(G.U.I) .

Some systems allow two or more mice to be used at a time. Microsoft Windows 98 to now her any operating system, has supported multiple simultaneous pointing devices.

Mouse is a common pointing device The basic features of a mouse are a casing with a flat bottom, designed to be gripped by one hand; one or more buttons on the top; a multidirectional detection device on the bottom; and a cable connecting the mouse to the computer. The ball mouse (computer) has two freely rotating rollers. They are located 90 degrees apart. One of them roller can detect the forward- backward motion of the mouse and other roller can detect the left–right motion of the Mouse. Opposite the two rollers is a third one (white, in the photo, at 45 degrees) that is spring-loaded to push the ball against the other two rollers. Every roller is on the same shaft as an encoder of the mouse wheel that has slotted edges; the slots interrupt infrared light (L.E.D) beams to generate electrical pulses that represent wheel movement. This is normal work of mouse  

Histrory Of keyboard

Keyboard is an input device of a computer. First mechanical typewriters invented In 1872 and In 1930's electric typewriters were invented first mechanical typewriter, which base is C . Keyboard has different key that

mens typewriter key such as A,B,C(A to Z keys). Keyboard can use Word processing and Text editor and also use another program. it has Function key that mens F1,F2,F3(F1 to F12) also it has Numeric key that mens 0,1,2 (0 to 9) & it has optional key that means clr, alt, del. we tell 101-key, keyboard is a Enhanced Keyboard and many people use this keyboard. We are use keyboard for text document, Game, and programming It is also used Shortcut Key for any Software. Alt key  is a option key.

 The alt key can be operation different place different think. Numeric key also use for calculate keyboard has international code for processing

This code cans modification for nationality. This advantage of Coding, keyboard  is famed of  worldwide for computer user. This cause  popular to us. It is a common input device. Keyboard has many advantage of now.

 I personally think that, keyboard is best of another Input device and It is easy to use. The Mouse rich in popularity of Graphical interfaces in Unix, MS-dos, and OS/2. you know beginning the first mouse was a small wooden box Exactly 40 years ago

Fifth Generation of Computer

Fifth Generation Of Computer:
Fifth Generation Computer is begin in1998.Fifth Generation Computer is future Computer. This generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence. There has Artificial intelligence Programming Language and it can receive voice command and processing this command. such as voice recognition, that are being used today. Fifth Generation Computer give to us spoken out put Fifth Generation computers that can understand natural languages Fifth Generation Computer perform work like as human.  Fifth Generation Computer also can  solve her problem with own. Her has programming so easy.it also receve a data of phisical man with out any extra enter faceing unit and he use of parallel processing.it has unlimited memory space

Fourth Generation of Compute

Fourth Generation of Compute
Fourth Generation of Compute in 1971. computer invention of the integrated circuit Large scale integration (LSI) The Size started to go down with the improvement in the integrated circuits Ultra Large scale(ULSI) and Very Large Scale(VLSI) ensured that millions of components could be fit into a small chip By the 1980's, very large scale integration (VLSI) squeezed hundreds of thousands of components into a chip.This time was Microprocessor .It has memory unit, Input unit,Output unit Register and also has Central processing unit. And come to us a modern computer.It has Very lower  power cost and Very small size more effective use full.The Intel 4004 chip made in 1971.This time big advantage of computer that data shearing another Coputer that means networking.Two type of networking has famous. number one LAN (Local area network) and number Two WAN (Wide area network)In 1981, IBM introduced personal computers for home and office use. Computer user has doubled from Two million in 1981 and 5.5 million in 1982 and after ten year (1992) 65 million Computer user Wozniak built the Apple II in 1976 and it the first personal computer in a garage in California.Now we use laptop Computer small size of Desktop Computer

Third Generation of Computer

Third Generation of Computer

Third Generation of  Computer in 1960. This time Computers were generally much smaller in size than the First and second generation computers. This time Integrated Circuit was invented in 1958 and Computer size come to us very small. Third-generation development included the use of an operating system that allowed machines to run many different programs at once with a central program that monitored and coordinated the computer's memory. The Third generation computers made the transition from transistors to integrated circuits. And computers made us of integrated circuits and semiconductors. Dennis Ritchie and Thompson developed a new type of operating system and this name is Unix.

Unix base is C language and this is a multi user operating system. This time it is a big achievement. The third generation program is more user friendly

Second Generation of Computer:-

Second Generation of Computer in 1948.this time smaller than vacuum tubes. Assembly language was the second generation of computer language. Assembly language easy then machine language. 1948 was the invention of the transistor greatly changed the computers development 

transistors led to second generation computers that were smalle, Coupled with early advances in magnetic-core memory. This time computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output .we are know that By the late 1950s this Assembly language had become popular ., This time in 1960's, there were a number of commercially successful second generation computers used in businesses, universities, and government from companies such as IBM and others. These computers were also generally more reliable and were solid in design.

Second Generation of Computer:-

Second Generation of Computer in 1948.this time smaller than vacuum tubes. Assembly language was the second generation of computer language. Assembly language easy then machine language. 1948 was the invention of the transistor greatly changed the computers development 

transistors led to second generation computers that were smalle, Coupled with early advances in magnetic-core memory. This time computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output .we are know that By the late 1950s this Assembly language had become popular ., This time in 1960's, there were a number of commercially successful second generation computers used in businesses, universities, and government from companies such as IBM and others. These computers were also generally more reliable and were solid in design.

General Knowledge for computer:-

Science has discovered many wonders and computer. It is ultra modern electronic device for

Storing and analyzing information fed into it. It has no capacity to do anything by itself

it works on the basis of commands given by the operator.

Computer was not invented over Night it took long time and hard lab our to invent computer

Many votaries of science .first of all Pascal invented the theory of "digital calculating system"

in 1642 though his attempts were not crowned with success. He initiated the research which hastened/paved

the way to invention of computer. Finally Mr.Haward Akin. an American scientist invented such

A machine in 1937 that could do difficult sums. So the credit for the invention of modern

Computer goes to . Howard akin after seven years electric computer used in Harvard University

In 1944 after that many other computer have been invented such as EDSAC in 1945 etc.

How to work a Computer:-

 We kwon that Computer is a Programmable Electronic Machine

A Computer Receive data that means Input Then Store and processing at last Output.

   

Generation of Computer (Computer has five Generations):-

First Generation of Computer in 1940-1956. charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer  his name is analytical engine his device is not completed I think that ENIAC was first electronic calculator. Design

 this time Computer has Vacuum Tubes and Computer size of a large room so it is not moveable .The first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century 1940–1945.this time input device has punched card and magnetic drums for memory of Computer. First generation computers relied on machine language. It operate has very difficult and they could only solve one problem at a time. the BendixG-15 and the IBM 650, used magnetic drums as their main memory. IBM 650 was a first-generation computer.

Second Generation of Computer

Second Generation of Computer in 1956.this time smaller than vacuum tubes. Assembly language was the second generation of computer language. Assembly language easy then machine language 

How to work a Computer:-

 We kwon that Computer is a Programmable Electronic Machine

A Computer Receive data that means Input Then Store and processing at last Output.

The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued with the same meaning until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations. but it has no storing device

General Knowledge for computer

 science has discovered many wonders and computer. it is ultra modern electronic device for
 stroing and analysing information fed into it. it has no capacity to do anything by itself
 it works on the basis of commands given by the operator.
 computer was not invented over night.it took long time and hard labour to invent computer
 many votaries of science .first of all pascal invented the theory of "digital calculating system"
 in 1642 though his attempts wefw not crowned with success.he initiated the research which hastened/paved
 the way to invention of computer.finally mr.haward akin.an american scienlist invented such
 a machine in 1937 that could do difficalt sums.so the credit for the invention of modern
 compputer goes to.howard akin aftar seven years electric computer used in harvard university
 in 1944 after that many other computer have been invented such as EDSAC in 1945 etc.

 Major componets:-
 a computer consists of five major components 1)input such as keyboard
                                             2)output such as printer 
                                             3)memory such as ram
                                             4)control unit
                                             5)arithmatic
 Note: control unit and arithmatic unit both are in microprocessor